FLN: foundational literacy and numeracy, and the NIPUN Bharat mission

What does foundational literacy and numeracy cover?

Oral language

Listening, speaking, and vocabulary in the home language and the school language.

Decoding and reading fluency

Recognising letters and sounds, reading words, and reading short passages at a steady pace.

Reading comprehension

Understanding and talking about what was read.

Writing

Forming letters and writing simple words and sentences.

Numeracy

Number sense, counting, place value, addition and subtraction, simple multiplication, shapes, measurement, and patterns.

What is the NIPUN Bharat mission?

NIPUN Bharat is the national mission to achieve FLN, run under the Samagra Shiksha scheme. It sets lakshya (goals) for each year from Balvatika to Grade 3, for example the number of words a child should read correctly per minute, and asks states to plan teacher training, materials, and assessment at school level. Teacher training for FLN is delivered through NISHTHA FLN modules on DIKSHA.

How can a school achieve FLN by Grade 3?

1. Protect daily time. Give literacy and numeracy a fixed, uninterrupted block every day in Balvatika to Grade 3.
2. Teach at the right level. Group children by current skill for part of the day, not only by class, so each child practises what they need.
3. Use simple, frequent assessment. Short oral reading checks and number tasks every few weeks, recorded for each child, show who is falling behind early.
4. Use good materials. Graded readers, letter and number cards, manipulatives, and play based teaching learning material.
5. Involve parents. Share simple at-home activities, such as reading together for ten minutes, and show parents their child's progress.

How should FLN progress be recorded?

Record each child's level against the specific goal (for example, reads a short passage with understanding, or adds two-digit numbers) rather than a single percentage. A simple table per class, updated after each check, is enough to plan groups and catch-up sessions, and to show parents and inspectors evidence of progress.

In Hudace SchoolOS, learning outcomes can be defined per class and results recorded against them, and the parent app shares progress and notices with families.